烟(yan)台光(guang)伏(fu)发电(dian)是利(li)用半导体(ti)界面(mian)的光(guang)生伏(fu)特效(xiao)应而将光(guang)能直接转(zhuan)变(bian)为电(dian)能的一种(zhong)技术。主要由太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)电(dian)池板(组(zu)件)、控(kong)制器和逆变(bian)器三(san)大部分组(zu)成,主要部件由电(dian)子元(yuan)器件构(gou)成。太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能电(dian)池经(jing)过(guo)串联后进行封装(zhuang)保(bao)护(hu)可形(xing)成大面(mian)积的太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)电(dian)池组(zu)件,再配合上功率控(kong)制器等部件就形(xing)成了(le)光(guang)伏(fu)发电(dian)装(zhuang)置。
在(zai)光伏(fu)离(li)(li)网(wang)系统中(zhong),蓄(xu)(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)占比很大(da),成本和太阳能组件(jian)差不(bu)多,但寿命比组件(jian)短很多,铅酸蓄(xu)(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)只有(you)3-5年,锂电(dian)(dian)池(chi)有(you)8-10年,但价格(ge)贵(gui),还(hai)要BMS管(guan)理系统,增(zeng)加成本,光伏(fu)离(li)(li)网(wang)电(dian)(dian)站能不(bu)能直(zhi)接用(yong)(yong),不(bu)加蓄(xu)(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)?除了一(yi)些(xie)像光伏(fu)扬(yang)光系统等特殊应用(yong)(yong)场合,离(li)(li)网(wang)系统必(bi)须配备蓄(xu)(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)。蓄(xu)(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)任务是贮能,保证系统功率稳定(ding),在(zai)夜间或(huo)阴雨天(tian)保证负(fu)载用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)。
烟台光伏发(fa)电(dian)(dian)系统(tong),输(shu)入是组件,用(yong)于发(fa)电(dian)(dian),输(shu)出(chu)接负载(zai)。光伏都是白(bai)天发(fa)电(dian)(dian),有阳(yang)光才能(neng)(neng)发(fa)电(dian)(dian),往往在中午发(fa)电(dian)(dian)功(gong)率最高(gao),但是在中午,用(yong)电(dian)(dian)需求并不高(gao),很多户(hu)用(yong)离网电(dian)(dian)站(zhan)晚上才用(yong)电(dian)(dian),那白(bai)天发(fa)出(chu)来(lai)的(de)电(dian)(dian)怎么办,要先储能(neng)(neng)起来(lai),这个储电(dian)(dian)设备就(jiu)是蓄电(dian)(dian)池(chi)。等(deng)到用(yong)电(dian)(dian)高(gao)峰如晚上七(qi)八点钟,再(zai)把电(dian)(dian)量释放出(chu)来(lai)。
烟台光伏发(fa)电是一个离网(wang)电站(zhan),利用(yong)(yong)太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui),扬水(shui)(shui)(shui)逆变器(qi)是一个特殊的逆变器(qi),包含变频(pin)器(qi)功能(neng),频(pin)率(lv)可以(yi)根据太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)的强(qiang)度(du)而变化,当(dang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳辐射(she)度(du)高(gao)时(shi),输出频(pin)率(lv)就(jiu)(jiu)高(gao),抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)就(jiu)(jiu)大,当(dang)当(dang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳辐射(she)度(du)低(di)时(shi),输出频(pin)率(lv)就(jiu)(jiu)低(di),抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)就(jiu)(jiu)小,光伏扬水(shui)(shui)(shui)系统要(yao)建一个水(shui)(shui)(shui)塔(ta),平时(shi)有太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳就(jiu)(jiu)往水(shui)(shui)(shui)塔(ta)里抽(chou)(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui),用(yong)(yong)户需要(yao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)就(jiu)(jiu)从水(shui)(shui)(shui)塔(ta)里面取,这个水(shui)(shui)(shui)塔(ta)其实就(jiu)(jiu)是取代蓄(xu)电池的作用(yong)(yong)。