烟台光伏(fu)发电系统是(shi)由太(tai)阳能电池方(fang)阵，蓄(xu)电池组，充放电控制器，逆(ni)变器，交(jiao)流配电柜(ju)，太(tai)阳跟(gen)踪(zong)控制系统等设(she)备组成。其部分(fen)设(she)备的(de)作用是(shi)：

　　电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)方阵在(zai)有光(guang)照(无论(lun)是太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)光(guang)，还是其它发光(guang)体产生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)照)情况下，电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)吸收光(guang)能(neng)(neng)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)两端(duan)出现(xian)异号电(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)积累，即产生(sheng)(sheng)光(guang)生(sheng)(sheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压，这就是光(guang)伏效(xiao)应。在(zai)光(guang)伏效(xiao)应的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下，太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)(neng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)两端(duan)产生(sheng)(sheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)动势，将光(guang)能(neng)(neng)转(zhuan)换成电(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，是能(neng)(neng)量转(zhuan)换的(de)(de)(de)器件(jian)。太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)(neng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)一般为硅(gui)(gui)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，分为单晶硅(gui)(gui)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)(neng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，多晶硅(gui)(gui)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)(neng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和非(fei)晶硅(gui)(gui)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)(neng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)三种。

　　蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)组其作用是(shi)贮(zhu)存太阳能(neng)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)方阵受光(guang)照时发出的电(dian)能(neng)并可随时向负载供电(dian)。烟台光(guang)伏发电(dian)对所用蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)组的基本要求是(shi)：a.自(zi)放(fang)电(dian)率(lv)(lv)低(di);b.使(shi)用寿(shou)命(ming)长(zhang);c.深放(fang)电(dian)能(neng)力强;d.充电(dian)效率(lv)(lv)高(gao);e.少维护或免维护;f.工作温度(du)范围宽;g.价(jia)格低(di)廉。

　　控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)是能(neng)自动(dong)防止(zhi)蓄(xu)电(dian)池(chi)过(guo)(guo)充(chong)电(dian)和过(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)的(de)设(she)备(bei)。由于蓄(xu)电(dian)池(chi)的(de)循环充(chong)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)次数(shu)及(ji)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)深度是决定(ding)蓄(xu)电(dian)池(chi)使用寿(shou)命的(de)重要因(yin)素，因(yin)此能(neng)控(kong)制(zhi)蓄(xu)电(dian)池(chi)组(zu)过(guo)(guo)充(chong)电(dian)或(huo)过(guo)(guo)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)的(de)充(chong)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)是必(bi)不可少的(de)设(she)备(bei)。

烟台光伏发电的结(jie)构组成

　　逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)将直流电(dian)转换(huan)交(jiao)流电(dian)的(de)设备。由于太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能电(dian)池(chi)和蓄电(dian)池(chi)是(shi)直流电(dian)源，而负载(zai)是(shi)交(jiao)流负载(zai)时(shi)，逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)必不可(ke)少(shao)的(de)。逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)按运(yun)(yun)(yun)行方式，可(ke)分(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)独(du)立运(yun)(yun)(yun)行逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)和并网(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)。独(du)立运(yun)(yun)(yun)行逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)于独(du)立运(yun)(yun)(yun)行的(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能电(dian)池(chi)发电(dian)系(xi)统，为(wei)(wei)(wei)独(du)立负载(zai)供(gong)电(dian)。并网(wang)逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)用(yong)于并网(wang)运(yun)(yun)(yun)行的(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能电(dian)池(chi)发电(dian)系(xi)统。逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)按输出波型可(ke)分(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)方波逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)和正弦(xian)波逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)。方波逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)电(dian)路简(jian)单(dan)，造价低，但谐波分(fen)量大，一般用(yong)于几百瓦以下和对谐波要求(qiu)不高的(de)系(xi)统。正弦(xian)波逆(ni)(ni)(ni)(ni)变(bian)(bian)器(qi)(qi)成本(ben)高，但可(ke)以适用(yong)于各种负载(zai)。

　　跟踪系统由于相对于某一个固定地点的烟台光伏(fu)发(fa)电，一年春(chun)夏(xia)秋冬(dong)四(si)季、每天日升日落，太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)光照角度(du)时(shi)时(shi)刻(ke)(ke)刻(ke)(ke)都(dou)在(zai)(zai)变化(hua)，如果太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能电(dian)(dian)池板能够(gou)时(shi)刻(ke)(ke)正(zheng)对(dui)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)，发(fa)电(dian)(dian)效率才会达到(dao)更佳(jia)状(zhuang)态。世(shi)界上通用的(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)跟(gen)(gen)踪(zong)控制系统都(dou)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)根据安(an)放点的(de)(de)(de)经纬度(du)等信(xin)息计(ji)算一年中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)每一天的(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)时(shi)刻(ke)(ke)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)所在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)角度(du)，将一年中(zhong)(zhong)每个时(shi)刻(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)位置存储到(dao)PLC、单片机或(huo)(huo)电(dian)(dian)脑软件中(zhong)(zhong)，也就(jiu)是靠(kao)计(ji)算太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)位置以实(shi)现跟(gen)(gen)踪(zong)。采用的(de)(de)(de)是电(dian)(dian)脑数(shu)据理论，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)地球(qiu)经纬度(du)地区的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)数(shu)据和设(she)(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)，一旦安(an)装(zhuang)，就(jiu)不便移动或(huo)(huo)装(zhuang)拆(chai)，每次移动完就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)重新设(she)(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)数(shu)据和调整各个参数(shu);原理、电(dian)(dian)路、技术、设(she)(she)(she)备复杂，非专业人(ren)士(shi)不能够(gou)随便操作。把加装(zhuang)了(le)智能太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)跟(gen)(gen)踪(zong)仪的(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)能发(fa)电(dian)(dian)系统安(an)装(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)高速行驶(shi)的(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)车(che)、火车(che)，以及通讯应急车(che)、军舰或(huo)(huo)轮船上，不论系统向何方行驶(shi)、如何调头(tou)、拐弯(wan)，智能太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)跟(gen)(gen)踪(zong)仪都(dou)能保证设(she)(she)(she)备的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求跟(gen)(gen)踪(zong)部位正(zheng)对(dui)太(tai)(tai)阳(yang)(yang)(yang)!